top of page


Winter Stargazing

When days grow shorter and the Rockies don a snowy coat, Boulder’s night sky truly begins to dazzle. Many might shy away from cold-weather stargazing, but winter evenings offer some of the year’s most sparkling cosmic views. Plus, with the sun setting earlier, you can enjoy stargazing without staying up until midnight! Grab a warm drink, bundle up, and discover why winter may be Boulder’s best stargazing season.


1. Earlier Nights, Easier Evenings

One of the biggest perks of winter astronomy is how early darkness arrives. Summer stargazers may wait until 10 or 11 p.m. for truly dark skies, but in winter, stars burst out around dinnertime. That means you can get your fill of constellations — and still be in bed at a decent hour. Perfect for families, newcomers, or anyone who wants to stargaze without a late-night commitment.


2. Crisp, Clear Air

Yes, Boulder’s winter temps can plummet, but that cold air often comes with a benefit: incredibly stable skies. Dense, chilly air reduces the atmospheric turbulence that blurs celestial objects. Endure the brisk conditions, and you’ll be rewarded with more detailed glimpses of planets, stars, and deep-sky treasures than during warmer months.


3. A Star-Studded Winter Showcase

What can you spot on these frosty nights? The winter sky is packed with cosmic delights:

  • The Seven Sisters (Pleiades): Overhead, you’ll find this tight cluster of bright stars. Most people see six, but under really dark conditions, you might glimpse that elusive seventh.

  • Orion & Sirius: Orion is your winter anchor, dominated by its iconic belt. Trace a line from the belt downward to Sirius, the brightest star in our night sky, twinkling in the southern horizon.

  • Gemini & Taurus: Seek out the twin stars Castor and Pollux in Gemini. Meanwhile, Taurus glows with the red eye of Aldebaran, standing guard over the Pleiades from Orion’s chase.

  • Deep-Sky Wonders: The Orion Nebula (in the sword of Orion) is a bustling stellar nursery visible in binoculars or a small scope. Overhead, the Andromeda Galaxy hovers — our nearest galactic neighbor, which you can see even without magnification on a clear, dark night.

  • Jupiter: All winter long, Jupiter shines brilliantly, offering prime telescope views of its swirling cloud belts and major moons.

Pro Tip: Keep an eye on special events like the Full Moon/Mars occultation mid-month. If you’re curious about Mars specifically, check out Mars Mania: Explore the Red Planet with AstroTours This Week! for details on the Red Planet at opposition.


4. Mars at Its Winter Best

Speaking of Mars, it’s a showstopper this winter. With opposition on January 16, 2025, the Red Planet appears bigger and brighter than usual. Winter’s crisp air can help reveal features like its polar ice cap or even hints of Olympus Mons if you have a quality telescope.

For an in-depth guide, read my article: “Mars at Opposition: See the Red Planet at Its Best.” If you time your viewing on these cold nights, you might catch some of the most vivid Martian details of the decade.


5. Surviving Boulder’s Cold Nights

  • Dress in Layers: Colorado’s evening temps can drop unexpectedly, so hats, gloves, and a toasty coat are essential.

  • Bring a Blanket & Chair: Standing around shivering is no fun. A camp chair or foam pad lets you rest comfortably — and keeps the cold ground away.

  • Use Red Lights: Regular white flashlights blow out your night vision for up to 30 minutes. Opt for a red flashlight or a dim phone screen with a red filter instead.


Experience Winter Stargazing with AstroTours.org

Want to skip the trial-and-error and jump straight to stargazing bliss? AstroTours.org hosts events throughout winter, providing telescopes, red lights, and expert astronomers to guide you across constellations, celestial myths, and seasonal highlights. We’ll show you why these brisk nights are the hidden gem of Boulder’s astronomy scene.

For an extra dose of winter stargazing inspiration, see my piece over on About Boulder: Winter Stargazing in Boulder: Why the Chilly Nights Are Worth It.

Remember: a little bit of cold is a small price to pay for some of the year’s clearest views of the cosmos. So bundle up, breathe in that crisp mountain air, and let the starry skies remind you why winter is a stargazer’s secret delight here in Boulder.

Stay warm — and keep looking up!

In the eastern sky, a bright, distinctly red point of light emerges soon after sunset. This week, that brilliant dot is Mars, shining at its brightest as it reaches opposition on January 16, 2025. With Mars also making its closest approach to Earth on January 12 and experiencing a rare occultation by the Full Wolf Moon on January 13, this is a banner week for stargazers and science enthusiasts.

Mars

What is Opposition?

Opposition occurs when the Sun, Earth, and Mars align, with Earth sandwiched in the middle. This alignment places Mars directly opposite the Sun in our sky, meaning it rises in the east as the Sun sets in the west and stays visible all night.

During opposition, Mars is not only fully illuminated by the Sun but also closer to Earth than usual. This year, on January 12, Mars will come within 59.7 million miles of Earth—close enough to reveal incredible details through telescopes, including surface markings and its southern polar ice cap.


Mars at opposition with the sun and earth

Why is Mars So Bright?

Mars owes its striking brightness during opposition to its proximity. To understand this, let’s talk about Astronomical Units (AU). One AU is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun, about 93 million miles. Mars’ orbit is elliptical, so its distance from the Sun varies between 1.38 AU and 1.66 AU. During opposition, Mars comes as close as 0.7 AU to Earth—less than half its usual distance, making it shine far brighter than usual.

Mars’ reddish glow has fascinated humans for millennia. This hue is due to iron oxide (rust) on its surface, which reflects sunlight, giving the planet its characteristic fiery appearance.

What Can You See?

Even without equipment, Mars is easy to spot as a steady, red point of light, brighter than most stars and rivaling Jupiter’s brilliance. Through binoculars, you might notice that Mars looks like a disk, not just a point of light. A telescope will reveal even more:

  • Southern Polar Ice Cap: A bright spot reflecting sunlight, visible even in modest telescopes.

  • Surface Features: Look for Valles Marineris, a canyon system that stretches across much of Mars, or Olympus Mons, the tallest volcano in the Solar System.

  • Phobos and Deimos: Mars’ tiny, irregularly shaped moons. Spotting them requires a telescope and a trick called occulting, where you block out the glare of Mars to see the faint moons nearby.

The Full Moon Occults Mars

On January 13, the Full Wolf Moon will pass directly in front of Mars, temporarily blocking it from view. This rare occultation offers a unique chance to see Mars disappear behind the Moon’s disk, only to reemerge moments later. With a telescope, you may even spot Mars peeking through the Moon’s valleys as it begins to reappear.


canals on mars
Lowell's drawings of the canals on mars

Mars in Science and Myth

Mars has been a source of wonder and speculation for thousands of years. The Sumerians associated its red color with blood and war, a theme adopted by the Greeks and Romans, who named it after their gods of war, Ares and Mars.

In the early 20th century, Percival Lowell famously observed what he believed to be canals on Mars, fueling speculation about intelligent life. While these canals turned out to be optical illusions (likely reflections of Lowell’s own retina), they inspired generations of science fiction writers, influencing the public’s fascination with the Red Planet.

This cultural backdrop continues to shape modern space exploration, with Mars being a central focus of NASA’s missions and private ventures like Elon Musk’s plans for colonization. Yet, as much as we focus on Mars, some astronomers argue that Venus might offer more practical research opportunities, especially for understanding planetary climates and addressing Earth’s own challenges.


Join AstroTours to Explore Mars

This week, AstroTours.org is hosting special events across Colorado to celebrate Mars at opposition. With high-quality telescopes and expert astronomers, you’ll have the chance to observe the Red Planet’s incredible features and learn about its significance in science and history.


Stargazers looking at Mars

Event Highlights:

  • January 10: Denver & Boulder

  • January 12: Boulder

  • January 13: Denver & Boulder (Mars Occultation)

  • January 15: Denver (Martian Mysteries Program)

  • January 17: Boulder, Denver & Breckenridge (Opposition Finale)

For details on times and locations, visit our event page: Mars Mania: Explore the Red Planet with AstroTours This Week!

Step outside this week and let Mars captivate your imagination. From its ancient myths to its modern mysteries, the Red Planet reminds us of the wonder of the cosmos and our drive to explore it. 🌌

The night sky has a special treat in store this week: Mars at Opposition! From January 10th through the 17th, Mars will shine brighter than it has in years, offering a spectacular view for stargazers. This rare alignment happens every 26 months and is one of the best chances to see the Red Planet’s surface features. Plus, on January 13th, the Full Wolf Moon will occult Mars, creating a stunning celestial display.

Mars NASA

AstroTours.org is thrilled to offer a series of special programs in Boulder, Denver, and Breckenridge to help you experience Mars at its best. Whether you're a seasoned stargazer or new to astronomy, these guided events will bring you closer to the wonders of the cosmos.

What’s Happening This Week?

January 10th – Mars Rising

  • Locations: Denver & Boulder

  • Time: 5:55 PM – 8:00 PM


    Kick off the week with an introduction to Mars at its brightest. Learn about its fascinating history, its role in science fiction, and how to spot key features like the southern polar ice cap using our telescopes.

January 12th – Closest Approach

  • Location: Boulder

  • Time: 5:55 PM – 8:00 PM


    Mars will be at its closest to Earth, just 59.7 million miles away! This is the best opportunity to see surface details like Valles Marineris, Olympus Mons, and even hints of the icy cap that reflects more sunlight than the rest of the planet.

January 13th – Mars and the Full Moon

  • Locations: Denver & Boulder

  • Time: 5:55 PM – 8:00 PM


    The Full Wolf Moon will pass directly in front of Mars, creating a rare occultation. Through a telescope, you can watch as Mars disappears behind the Moon and reemerges minutes later. It’s a once-in-a-lifetime sight!

January 15th – Martian Mysteries

  • Location: Denver

  • Time: 6:00 PM – 8:00 PM


    Explore the myths, legends, and science of Mars in this special program. We’ll dive into how ancient civilizations viewed Mars as the god of war, the impact of Percival Lowell’s canal theories, and Mars’ outsized influence on science fiction and exploration.

January 17th – Mars at Opposition Finale

  • Locations: Boulder, Denver & Breckenridge

  • Time: 5:55 PM – 8:00 PM


    Wrap up this incredible week with Mars at its peak brightness during opposition. Whether you’re in the mountains, city, or foothills, you’ll have the perfect vantage point to celebrate this cosmic event.

Stargaze Mars

Why Mars?

Mars has captured humanity's imagination for thousands of years. The ancient Sumerians linked its red hue to blood and war, a theme carried forward by the Greeks and Romans. In the early 20th century, astronomer Percival Lowell fueled the idea of Martian life with his (mistaken) observations of canals, inspiring generations of sci-fi authors to envision Mars as a world of alien civilizations. This fascination with Mars even influences modern space exploration, shaping NASA’s missions and Elon Musk’s plans for colonization.

But while Mars gets the spotlight, our programs also explore why Venus might be an equally fascinating—and practical—target for research. Did you know blimps in Venus’ atmosphere could potentially sustain human life? Venus also offers insights into global warming and planetary evolution, making it a key focus for solving problems on Earth.

What Can You See?

  • Mars’ Southern Polar Ice Cap: Appearing as a bright spot on one side of the planet.

  • Valles Marineris: A canyon system so vast it dwarfs the Grand Canyon.

  • Olympus Mons: The tallest volcano in the Solar System.

  • Phobos and Deimos: Mars’ tiny moons, visible with a bit of telescope trickery.

Through a telescope, Mars transforms from a fiery red dot to a disk with visible surface features. And during the occultation on January 13th, you’ll witness Mars disappear and reappear behind the Moon, a dramatic and beautiful event.

Join Us!

Don’t miss this chance to experience the wonder of Mars with AstroTours.org. Our expert astronomers will guide you through the night sky, sharing stories, science, and the joy of stargazing.

Event Highlights:

  • High-Quality Telescopes for close-up views of Mars.

  • Engaging Storytelling about Mars’ role in history, science, and fiction.

  • Myth and Science blending ancient wisdom with modern discovery.

  • Comfortable, Accessible Locations in Boulder, Denver, and Breckenridge.

Reserve Your Spot Today

📍 Locations: Boulder, Denver, and Breckenridge Time: Arrive by 5:55 PM (programs run until 8:00 PM) 🧤 Dress Warmly: Bring blankets, hand warmers, and a sense of wonder!

Step outside, look up, and let the cosmos take your breath away. Mars won’t be this close again until 2027, so make sure you don’t miss it!

For more information, visit our website: AstroTours.org

bottom of page